1510-1529 Spanish Conquer Mayans, Magellan Circumnavigation

This twenty year period covers the reign of Henry VIII who was married to Catherine of Aragon with whom he had a daughter, Mary (who married Philip II of Spain). 

This period saw constant warfare -- most awful of which was the start of the ongoing Spanish conquest of the Mayans in 1524-- but a significant milestone during this period happened in 1519 when Magellan circumnavigated the Earth.

The 1509–1513 Ottoman Civil War was continuing, followed by the 1514–1516 Ottoman-Safavid War, the 1516–1517 Ottoman-Mamluk War (the conquest of Syria), the 1520–1522 Castilian War of the Communities, the 1520–1521 Spanish Conquest of Mexico, the 1521–1559 Italian Wars, the 1521–1523 Swedish War of Liberation, the 1521–1523 Uprising of the Comuneros in Castile, the 1521–1526 Ottoman-Hungarian War, the 1522 Ottoman Conquest of Rhodes, the 1522 Knights' War, the 1524–1525 Peasants' War, the 1524–1697 Spanish wars against the Mayas, the 1526–1530 War of the League of Cognac, the 1 1526–1528 Hungarian Civil War, the 1526–1555 Ottoman-Safavid War, the 1526-1576 Mogul Conquest of India and the 1528–1533 Ottoman-Habsburg War in Hungary.

In 1517 the Spanish under Charles V established the slave trade, and in 1517 Cordoba discovered the Yucatan civilization. 

In 1519 Charles V of Spain was elected Holy Roman emperor, and in 1519 Magellan circumnavigated the Earth.